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[EAD] is intended to provide repositories with a means of establishing an effective, accessible, and stable presence for their holdings information. EAD accommodates variations in the length and content of finding aids within and among repositories, and |
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The engrossed copy of a bill that has passed both Houses together with its engrossed amendments is the official working copy from which an enrolled bill is prepared. |
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[An enrolled bill is] printed on paper (formerly copied by a clerk in a fair, round hand on parchment) and is signed first by the Speaker of the House and second by the President of the Senate. On the back is an attestation by the Clerk of the House or th |
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An enterprise architecture . . . describes an agency in both 1) logical terms, such as the interrelated business processes and business rules, information needs and flows, and work locations and users; and 2) technical terms, such as hardware, software, d |
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(entities1) The corporate bodies, persons, or families associated in some way with the creation, accumulation, maintenance, and/or use of archival materials. |
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Digital records are not simply the 21st century equivalent of traditional paper records. They have other properties, characteristics and applications. However, both digital and paper records must meet the same legal requirements. In practice, this require |
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Congress passed ESIGN in June 2000 to facilitate the use of electronic documents and signatures in domestic interstate and international commercial transactions. The Act was designed to promote the use of electronic signatures in commercial transactions i |
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The goal of government-wide ELF program is to reduce administrative costs by eliminating legal-size paper in favor of letter-size paper. Letter-size records: reduce costs by eliminating the need to purchase file supplies and equipment to accommodate mult |
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A proposed approach to the problem of software and hardware dependence is emulation, which aims to preserve the original software environment in which records were created. Emulation mimics the functionality of older software (generally operating systems |
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The description of individuals, families, and organizations that create records is an essential component of the preservation of the documentary evidence of human activity. Identifying record creating entities; recording the names or designations used by |
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In 1998 Congress passed the Copyright Term Extension Act increasing the duration of copyright from life of the author plus fifty years to life of the author plus seventy years. The effect was to stop for twenty years the addition of any published work to |
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Diplomatic examination shows that an electronic record, just like every traditional record, is comprised of medium (the physical carrier of the message), form (the rules of representation that allow for the communication of the message), persons (the enti |
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Records in the electronic environment have unique characteristics . . . durability; lifespan; maintenance; ease of editing, copying, erasure, and reformatting (manipulability); ease of manipulation, including the difficulty of tracing manipulation; need f |
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Electronic records are not always copies, because a copy is by definition a reproduction of an original, a draft or another copy (the first copy made being always a reproduction of a document in a different status of transmission); therefore, electronic |
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Strictly speaking, it is not possible to preserve an electronic record. It is always necessary to retrieve from storage the binary digits that make up the record and process them through some software for delivery or presentation. |
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DSpace identifies two levels of digital preservation: bit preservation, and functional preservation. Bit preservation ensures that a file remains exactly the same over time – not a single bit is changed – while the physical media evolve around it. Functio |
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[Dublin Core Metadata Initiative] An organization dedicated to promoting the widespread adoption of interoperable metadata standards and developing specialized metadata vocabularies for describing resources that enable more intelligent information discove |
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Here were the oral and literate side by side, but writing has some advantages. In written form, information achieved a stability and durability it would not have so long as it remained only in the mind or in spoken words. What is more, writing was in it |
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Play is a fundamental human activity and an important way to learn. Cultural institutions do not take sufficient advantage of games to expand awareness and knowledge of collections through 'edutainment' packages and other strategies. |
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If it is fair to say that archivists are in the business of the past, we can also be said to have a legitimate concern about how others utilize and exploit the past. We appreciate the entertainment value of the past, but we care more about the educationa |
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A documentation plan is formulated in two stages, analysis and selection. The first stage consists of three tiers of analysis: 1. an institutional analysis, 2. a comparison of the institution with others of the same type, and 3. an analysis of the relati |
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A modern, complex, information-rich society requires that archivists reexamine their role as selectors. The changing structure of modern institutions and the use of sophisticated technologies have altered the nature of records, and only a small portion of |
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A documentation strategy consists of four activities: 1. choosing and defining the topic to be documented, 2. selecting the advisors and establishing the site for the strategy, 3. structuring the inquiry and examining the form and substance of the availab |
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The term 'documentation strategy' was coined and initially defined at a session of the 1984 Society of American Archivists meeting that included papers presented by Helen W. Samuels, Larry J. Hackman, and Patricia Aronnson. The origins of the concept dat |
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According to Boorstein [in The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-Events in America], the documentary is a 'pseudo-event,' and not simply a facsimile of the event itself. A pseudo-event is planned rather than spontaneous; functions primarily for the purpose of bei |
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