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[Variants] are frequent in hand-printed books and are accounted for by the fact that mistakes were noticed and the type altered during printing, the sheets already printed remaining untouched. |
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Variorum is Latin for 'of the various'; it comes from the longer phrase, editio cum notis variorum editorum, 'an edition with the notes of various editors.'¶ A variorum edition gives not only the text the editor established, or the editor's own note |
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There exists a process of verification1 that is based on slow, collective, public performance by what Charles Sanders Pierce called 'the Community.' It is thanks to human faith in the work of this community that we can say, with some serenity, that the D |
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Verification3 and validation [is] a general term for the complete range of checks that are performed on a system in order to increase confidence that the system is suitable for its intended purpose. This range might include a rigorous set of functional te |
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Melvil Dewey, the inventor of the Dewey Decimal System, adapted the idea of the library card catalog . . . to produce the vertical filing system we still use today. In this system, consisting of hanging file folders and stored in file cabinets, it was mu |
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Verification and validation3 [is] a general term for the complete range of checks that are performed on a system in order to increase confidence that the system is suitable for its intended purpose. This range might include a rigorous set of functional te |
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The records appraisal concept holds that the retention value2 of business records must be established based on identifying the primary and secondary values the records possess, and then making judgments as to when, if ever, these values expire or decline |
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Supported by the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, the University of Pittsburgh School of Information Sciences has conducted a research project to examine variables that affect the integration of recordkeeping requirements in elect |
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At least three things are glaringly obvious about the utilitarian approach to records appraisal. The first is that it is not perfect. Of course, if no archival theory or practice could be allowed unless it was 'perfect,' we would have not theory or prac |
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In order to constitute a valid2 record it must be made by an officer having the authority to do so, or, as stated otherwise, it is essential that it be made by the person whose duty it is to make the record, or the transcription of an instrument into the |
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The term 'Uniform Resource Locator' (URL) refers to the subset of URI that identify resources via a representation of their primary access mechanism (e.g., their network 'location'), rather than identifying the resource by name or by some other attribute( |
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The term 'Uniform Resource Name' (URN) refers to the subset of URI that are required to remain globally unique and persistent even when the resource ceases to exist or becomes unavailable. |
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A uniform title provides the means for bringing together all catalogue entries of a work when various manifestations (e.g., editions, translations) of it have appeared under various titles. A uniform title also provides identification for a work when the |
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The ULAN is a structured vocabulary that contains around 250,000 names and other information about artists. The coverage of the ULAN is from Antiquity to the present and the geographic scope is global. The scope of the ULAN includes any identified individ |
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The Universal Preservation Format is a file format that utilizes a container or wrapper structure. Its framework incorporates metadata that identifies its contents within a registry of standard data types and serves as the source code for mapping or trans |
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Whereas reliability is connected to the process of documentary creation, authenticity is connected to its transmission and involves verifying or establishing the document's authorship, its place and date of origin, its status as an original or copy, and t |
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It is generally accepted by all literate civilizations that documents are trustworthy (that is, reliable) because of their completeness and controlled procedure of creation, and which are guaranteed to be intact and what they purport to be (that is, authe |
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The environment in which records reside can either increase or decrease their reliability and trustworthiness. The courts bestow a high degree of trust in records that are 'kept in the regular course of business activity . . . as shown by the testimony o |
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The archival notion of document trustworthiness borrows from a number of traditions, the most influential of which are the rationalist tradition of legal evidence scholarship, specifically the rules governing the admissibility of documents, the modernist |
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There is some confusion in the web community over the partitioning of URI space, specifically, the relationship among the concepts of URL, URN, and URI. The confusion owes to the incompatibility between two different views of URI partitioning, which we ca |
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In contemporary documents, the entitling is usually followed by the date, indicating the place (topical date) and/or the time (chronological date) of the compilation of the document and/or the action which the document concerns. In medieval and early mode |
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The concept is articulated as an 'attempt to document all aspects of historical development, seeking the records not just of officialdom or of a governing elite but of all segments of a community,' and 'combining official administrative records and relat |
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Although we can't tell just by looking at it, this receipt was probably produced using a digital cash register, a computer incorporating a printer and a cash drawer. If so, a digital record of my tuna-fish-chips-and-water transaction2 was being created |
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To have a transaction3 it is not sufficient to have a communication, but it is necessary that such a communication creates, modifies, maintains, or extinguishes a relationship with other persons. |
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The most basic business system and the heart of most organizations is the Transaction Processing System (TPS). . . . The primary goal of these systems is to automate computing intensive business transactions, such as those undertaken in the financial and |
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