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Librarianship is an information profession wherein data are valued as independent entities, separate from the context that created them. By contrast, archivists must focus on unique documents created often as the accident rather than the object of an act |
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If it were up to me, I would abolish the word entirely and turn back to the lexicological wisdom of the ancients, who saw librarians not as feeble sorters and shelvers but as heroic guardians. In Assyrian, Babylonian, and Egyptian cultures alike, those w |
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In all archival depositories there can be distinguished, usually, at least five levels of arrangement: 1. Arrangement at the depository level – the depository's complete holdings into a few major divisions on the broadest common denominator possible and t |
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There may be several appropriate levels of description for any given body of archival material. These levels normally correspond to natural divisions based on provenance or physical form. The principle corresponds with the bibliographic concept of analys |
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The first mechanical method of copying to gain widespread use in American business was press copying, first patented by James Watt in 1780 but not widely adopted in business until much later. As the technology came into common use, a screw-powered letter |
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For certain kinds of materials, particularly those of large format, e.g., newspapers and maps, leafcasting is a much more efficient and economical method of repair than the traditional manual methods. Its use can also strengthen the entire leaf, as leafca |
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A lot of American 19th-century artists considered that the essence of the origin of their country was reflected in the landscape. With nature as the starting point, they developed their own artistic current which distanced itself from the European traditi |
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Not all information is valuable. Therefore, it's up to individual companies to determine what information qualifies as intellectual and knowledge-based assets. In general, however, intellectual and knowledge-based assets fall into one of two categories: e |
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If the title of the publication changes in any significant way, a new ISSN must be assigned in order to correspond to this new form of title and avoid any confusion. A serial publication whose title is modified several times in the course of its existence |
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Generally, determine access points for the material being cataloged from its chief source of information. When statements appearing in the chief source are ambiguous or insufficient, use information appearing outside the material and the chief source for |
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Within [a juridical system], however much the governing principle changes over time and from place to place, human endeavors always present an organizational, an instrumental, and an executive or a constitutive nature. |
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The term 'juridical' is broader than the term 'legal.' It refers to the nature of abstract legal concepts. Thus, a 'juridical transaction' is a transaction legally supposed or conceived of, to some extent irrespective of its actual existence, even if it c |
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The term 'juridical person' is used in the sense of an entity having the capacity of the potential to act legally and constituted either by a collection or succession of physical persons or a collection of properties. Examples of juridical persons are st |
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The isoperm method arises from one idea: the rate of deterioration of hygroscopic materials such as paper is influenced by the temperature and percent relative humidity of its surrounding environment. The isoperm method combines and quantifies the preser |
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Iron gall ink is primarily made from tannin (most often extracted from galls), vitriol (iron sulfate), gum, and water. Because iron gall ink is indelible, it was the ink of choice for documentation from the late Middle Ages to the middle of the twentieth |
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The invocation, that is, the mention of God, in whose name each action had to be done, was present in both public and private documents in the medieval period. It can still be found in documents issued by religious bodies, but more and more rarely. . . . |
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Inventories1 differ among repositories, but most include an introduction or abstract; a history or biography of the collection's originating agency or individuals; a scope note detailing the size, contents, media, and arrangement of the collection; descri |
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In 1979, the concept [of intrinsic value] took on a more central role upon its invocation by the National Archives and Records Service, following the demand of the General Services Agency that the institution microfilm all its records and destroy the orig |
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All record materials having intrinsic value possess one or more of the following specific qualities or characteristics. These qualities or characteristics relate to the physical nature of the records, their prospective uses, and the information they conta |
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Intrinsic elements are the discursive parts of the record that communicate the action in which the record participates and the immediate context. They fall into three groups: 1) elements that convey aspects of the record's juridical and administrative co |
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Interoperability in the technical sense tackles the problem of digital obsolescence by reducing the dependency of files and records on a particular combination of hardware and software. Interoperability means that a file canbe transferred from one platfor |
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Effective with this sentence, Wired News will no longer capitalize the "I" in internet. ¶ At the same time, Web becomes web and Net becomes net. . . . the decision wasn't made lightly. Style changes are rarely capricious, since change plays havoc wit |
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The abbreviated term internet, uncapitalized, began to be used in the early seventies; it was a shorthand term for the communications circuits and their controlling software which linked together the separate computer networks comprising the US military |
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The ITU was founded in 1865 and became a United Nations agency in 1947. It is responsible for adopting international treaties, regulations and standards governing telecommunications. The standardization functions were formerly performed by a group within |
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The InterPARES (International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems) Project is a major international research initiative in which archival scholars, computer engineering scholars, national archival institutions and private industr |
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