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The nontrivial explication or extraction of information from data, in which the information is implicit and previously unknown; an example is identification of the pattern of use of a credit card to detect possible fraud. The data is normally accessed fro |
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Data processing is a widely used term with a variety of meanings and interpretations ranging from one that makes it almost coextensive with all of computing . . . to much narrower connotations in the general area of computer applications to business and a |
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The aim of the legislation is to control the immense potential for misuse of information that arises when personal data is stored in computers. . . . To combat the fear of misuse of data, governments have introduced legislation that, among other things, m |
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Vertical filing systems organized by intended use rather than by origin and chronology allowed companies to create an accessible corporate memory to supplement or supercede individual memories. |
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Early on, corporate reports were rather meager communiqués, intended for company internal distribution only. They tended to consist of little more than a letter to stockholders signed by the Chief Executive Officer, a balance sheet, and an auditor's stat |
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The State [SHRAB] Coordinators realized in later years that when they acted in the capacity dictated by the NHPRC mandate, they crossed organizational lines between the mission of NAGARA and that of SAA and AASLH. Their charge was to chair boards in each |
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Report on Australian Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property Rights. 'Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property' refers to Indigenous Peoples' rights to their heritage. Heritage comprises all objects, sites and knowledge, the nature or use of wh |
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Yet when archivists focus on a single photograph, they are quickly denounced as 'curators,' suggesting somehow that single photographs are less deserving of individual attention than are single written documents. The pejorative tone attached to the term |
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Without a controlled vocabulary, one cannot ensure the retrievability of the records sought and only those records. . . . [It is] the totality of all the identified access points, the preferred terms and the linkages established among preferred and varian |
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Care must be taken by records management coordinators and University executives in determining if duplicate records are convenience copies or if two or more copies of the same information or records series are to be considered an official record copy. It |
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'Copies' are material objects, other than phonorecords, in which a work is fixed by any method now known or later developed, and from which the work can be perceived, reproduced, or otherwise communicated, either directly or with the aid of a machine or d |
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Copyright grants to creators exclusive rights over their original works. After a copyright expires, the creative work enters the public domain and may be used freely. Copyright law is thus characterized by the balance [it] seeks to achieve between private |
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The doctrine of constructive notice rests on the idea that all persons may learn and actually know that of which the law gives notice and implies knowledge. The notice imparted by the due and proper record of an instrument, although called a constructive |
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Content analysis: The archivist must evaluate the significance of the subjects or topics documented in the records and then determine how well the information in the records document those subjects or topics. |
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Enterprise content management (ECM) is the technologies, tools, and methods used to capture, manage, store, preserve and deliver content across an enterprise. At the most basic level, ECM tools and strategies allow the management of an organization's unst |
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Standards for data contents and data construction provide guidelines for the content of the data structures. . . . Many data content standards are guidelines, namely 'rules for activities that should be applied as consistently as possible but which, by t |
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Data content standards govern the order, syntax, and form in which the data values are entered. For example, if Paul Joseph Smith is the authorized name in the authority file, the data content standard might specify that the last name be entered first, a |
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Function1 and competence are a different order of the same thing. Function is the whole of the activities aimed to one purpose, considered abstractly. Competence is the authority and capacity of carrying out a determined sphere of activities within one |
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Copyright · A work formed by the collection and assembling of preexisting materials or of data that are selected, coordinated, or arranged in such a way that the resulting work as a whole constitutes an original work of authorship. The term 'compil |
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ISO/IEC 8632 provides a file format suitable for the storage and retrieval of picture description information. The file format consists of an ordered set of elements that may be used to describe pictures in a way that is compatible between systems of diff |
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[CITRA] membership is that of the Delegates Meeting. It is held in between quadrennial international congresses and allows members holding important responsibilities within the profession to meet every year to debate their views, update their knowledge a |
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Access to a document in the possession of a public official may properly be denied, in some instances, on the grounds that the information was received in confidence. But a person who sends a communication to a public officer relative to the public busin |
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This planographic process was invented by Alphonse Poitevin in 1855 and can be considered the first process of photolithography. |
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[collotype] A process known also as phototype, and in slight variations, as Albertype, Artotype, etc. It is based on the principle that if a film of bichromated gelatin is exposed to light under a negative, and the unaltered bichromate is washed out, the |
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[Describing Rejlander's use of combination printing to create The Two Ways of Life.] He would have needed a huge studio and many models to take this picture with a single negative. Instead, he enlisted the services of a troupe of strolling players and pho |
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