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Fifty states, the territories, and the District of Columbia have adopted unclaimed property laws that pertain to “intangible property” such as money and financial instruments. The holdings of cultural institutions, however, fall under “tangible property.” This includes non-real estate property items—material that can be moved, touched or felt. Most states in the United States have provided libraries, archives, and museums with statutes regarding abandoned tangible property that has been given to a cultural or heritage institution and how those institutions may acquire ownership of the material in order to catalog, exhibit, and otherwise care for or dispose of it.
Most of these statutes provide definitions for what types of institutions can use the law; what constitutes abandoned property; and how long an institution must have physical ownership of an item before following the procedures to acquire legal ownership. These laws typically require that an institution provide legal notice about the property so that individuals or other entities who may have a claim in the property know of its existence at the cultural institution; lengths of time for this legal notice vary from state to state, as does how long an institution must have physical ownership before following this process.
As of 2023, two states, most of the territories, and Washington, D.C. have not adopted abandoned property laws with language specific to cultural institutions.
Note: This information is provided as a service and was not compiled by lawyers or legislative staffers. If you wish to implement the provisions of these laws to obtain ownership of a collection, please confirm the information provided.
Revision history: Page created in 2009, Updated in 2011, Updated in 2016, Updated in 2023
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ALABAMA |
Other | Link#mce_temp_url# |
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Citation: Code of Alabama 1975 §41-6-72 to 41-6-75 |
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Notes: Language specifically covers State Archives; no statute currently covers museums and abandoned property. Although this language specifically addresses State archives, there are other statutes that cover city and county museum operations; no code that specifically addresses museums and abandoned property. As of 2016, there is a movement to introduce legislation that will expand the statute to all Alabama cultural collecting entities. This is expected to come sooner rather than later. |
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| ALASKA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| AMERICAN SAMOA |
Other
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Link, Link |
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Citation: American Samoa Chapter 03 - Government Records Management. 2.0320 Exceptions to rules-Emergencies.
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| ARIZONA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| ARKANSAS |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| CALIFORNIA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| COLORADO |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| CONNECTICUT | Yes | Link |
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Citation: General Statutes of Connecticut § 11-194-11-80 to 11-194-11-89 |
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| DELAWARE |
Yes
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Link |
| Citation: Delaware General Assembly House Bill 231, Volume 81, Chapter 213, Effective Date: 2018-03-08. Abandoned Cultural Property Act. | ||
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| DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA |
No
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| FLORIDA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| GEORGIA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link |
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| GUAM |
Yes
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Link |
| Citation: Guam Code Annotated § 76105. Acquisitions and Gifts. | ||
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| HAWAII |
No
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| IDAHO | Other | Link |
| Citation: Idaho Statutes §14-534. | ||
| Notes: Applies to state historical society only; university repositories consult their legal staff | ||
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| ILLINOIS |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| INDIANA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link |
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| IOWA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| KANSAS |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| KENTUCKY |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| LOUISIANA |
Yes
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Link |
| Citation: Louisiana Revised Statutes § 25.345 | ||
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| MAINE |
Yes
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Link |
| Citation: Title 27: Libraries, History, Culture and Art. Chapter 19: Property Deposited with Museums and Historical Societies. §601 | ||
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| MARYLAND |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation: Maryland Senate Bill 88, Article II, Section 17(c) of the Maryland Constitution, Chapter 29. Abandoned Property in Possession of a Museum. |
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| MASSACHUSETTS |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| MICHIGAN |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| MINNESOTA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| MISSISSIPPI |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link |
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| MISSOURI |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link |
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| MONTANA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link |
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| NEBRASKA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| NEVADA |
Other
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Apparently applies only to museums in the state system of museums. |
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| NEW HAMPSHIRE |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| NEW JERSEY |
Yes
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Link |
| Citation: Title 46 - PROPERTY Section 46:30D-1 (2013). Museum Unclaimed Loan Act. | ||
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| NEW MEXICO |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| NEW YORK |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link |
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| NORTH CAROLINA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| NORTH DAKOTA | No | Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link (for instances when museum is closing) |
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| NORTHERN MARIANAS |
No
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| OHIO |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| OKLAHOMA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| OREGON |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link |
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| PENNSYLVANIA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| PUERTO RICO | No | |
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| RHODE ISLAND | Yes | Link |
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| SOUTH CAROLINA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| SOUTH DAKOTA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| TENNESSEE |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| TEXAS |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| US VIRGIN ISLANDS | No | |
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| UTAH |
Yes
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Link |
| Citation: Title 9, Changer 8, Part 8, Preserve our Heritage Act.Utah Code, Title 63A, Chapter 12, the Public Records management Act |
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| VERMONT |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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Notes: Alternative link |
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| VIRGINIA |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| WASHINGTON |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| WEST VIRGINIA |
No
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| WISCONSIN |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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| WYOMING |
Yes
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Link |
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Citation |
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